St. John Baptiste Fort, Berlengas

Discover the Historic St. John Baptiste Fort in Berlengas, Peniche

Nestled off the western coast of Portugal, on the largest island of the Berlengas archipelago, lies the magnificent St. John Baptiste Fort. This historic fortification, also known as the Fort of the Berlengas, is a testament to Portuguese military engineering and has played a significant role in protecting the coastal municipality of Peniche for centuries.

A Rich History

The construction of the St. John Baptiste Fort dates back to the 16th century when King Manuel of Portugal ordered the building of a fortress on Berlenga Grande in 1502. Initially, the fort was constructed using the remains of a pre-existing monastery, the Monastery of the Misericórdia da Berlenga, which had been abandoned due to frequent pirate attacks and harsh weather conditions.

Under the administration of John IV of Portugal in the mid-17th century, construction of the fort began in earnest. Engineer Mateus do Couto oversaw the project, and by 1678, the fort was finally completed under the command of General Marquês da Fronteira. Throughout its history, the fort has witnessed various conflicts, including the French invasion of the peninsula and the Liberal Wars.

Architectural Marvels

The St. John Baptiste Fort showcases impressive architectural features that reflect its military purpose. The fort's strategic location on Berlenga Grande offers breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding ocean and rugged coastline. Its sturdy stone walls, bastions, and cannons stand as a testament to its defensive capabilities.

Visitors can explore the fort's interior, which includes a reconstructed chapel that was burned down during a French assault in the early 19th century. The fort's layout and design provide a glimpse into the past, allowing visitors to imagine the lives of the soldiers who once manned its defenses.

Things to Do and See

A visit to the St. John Baptiste Fort offers a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in history and enjoy the natural beauty of the Berlengas archipelago. Take a leisurely stroll along the fort's ramparts and soak in the stunning views of the Atlantic Ocean. Explore the various rooms and chambers within the fort, each with its own story to tell.

For adventure enthusiasts, the Berlengas islands offer excellent opportunities for snorkeling, diving, and exploring the diverse marine life that inhabits the surrounding waters. The crystal-clear turquoise waters are teeming with colorful fish, making it a paradise for underwater exploration.

When to Visit

The best time to visit the St. John Baptiste Fort is during the summer months when the weather is warm and sunny. The fort is open to visitors from April to October, allowing ample time to explore its historical significance and architectural wonders.

To reach the fort, you can take a boat trip from Peniche, which is approximately 10 kilometers away. The boat ride itself is an adventure, offering stunning views of the coastline and the chance to spot seabirds and dolphins along the way.

Conclusion

The St. John Baptiste Fort in Berlengas, Peniche, is a captivating destination that combines history, natural beauty, and adventure. Its rich history, impressive architecture, and breathtaking views make it a must-visit for travelers seeking a unique and immersive experience. Whether you're a history buff, an outdoor enthusiast, or simply looking for a picturesque getaway, the St. John Baptiste Fort is sure to leave a lasting impression.