Museu Bernardino Machado

Bernardino Machado was born in Rio de Janeiro, on March 28, 1851. He is a singular figure in the Portuguese political panorama. He crosses the end of the monarchy, the whole of the First Republic, the Military Dictatorship and part of the Estado Novo. Professor, illustrious academic, journalist and politician. He was twice President of the Republic in the first quarter of the 20th century. In 1855, Bernardino Machado's parents visited his paternal grandparents, living in Joane, municipality of Vila Nova de Famalicão. And, in 1960, the family of Bernardino Machado leaves Brazil and returns to Portugal, establishing residence in the parish of Joane, in the House of the Tower of Cima. He later transferred the villa to the center of the village. In 1866, Bernardino Machado enrolled in the University of Coimbra, graduating in Philosophy, having studied three years of Mathematics. In 1874, he started in Freemasonry, becoming President of the Council of the Order of the Great East Lusitanian United and Grand Master, from 1895 to 1899. In 1879, he is a full professor of Philosophy. He dedicates himself to Anthropology, introducing this chair in the university. He joined the Regenerating Party, making his parliamentary debut as a deputy in 1884. In 1890, he was elected by the University of Coimbra, Par de Reino, in 1892, he was appointed member of the Superior Council of Public Instruction and in 1893 chosen For the Public Works portfolio of the government of Hintze Ribeiro, with a proficient performance. In 1903, it moved away from the monarchical field, adhering to republicanism, being later elected to the Directory of the Republican Party, of which it happens to be one of the tutelary figures. In 1907, he took the side of the students during the academic strike, resigning from the University. Proclaimed the Republic, it will have an intense political activity, as soon as the Provisional Government, overwriting the Foreign Affairs folder, in a particularly difficult conjuncture, since it was necessary to guarantee the recognition of the new regime. He was the candidate for the Presidency of the Republic, with the support of the Afonso Costa group, not being able to be elected. He was Deputy to the Constituents of 1911, Senator, Minister of the Interior and President of the Ministry (1914), returning from the post of Minister of Portugal (later ambassador) in Rio de Janeiro to organize government. Bernardino Machado was twice President of the Republic, never ending his mandate, the first time interrupted by the Sidonist coup in 1917 and the other by May 28, 1926. He was President of the Ministry in 1921, in a brief government. Exiled in Paris, he is one of the founders and president of the League of Defense of the Republic, publishing dozens of manifestoes against the dictatorship, continuing until the end of his life to fight against the military dictatorship and the Estado Novo. Returned to Portugal in the aftermath of the fall of France, in 1940, at the age of 89, he was settled in Vila Nova de Famalicão. He died in Oporto on April 29, 1944.