Lago dei Gelsi

Discover the Natural Beauty of Lago dei Gelsi in Cotignola

Nestled in the charming town of Cotignola, Italy, lies a hidden gem that nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers will surely appreciate - Lago dei Gelsi, also known as "Lago della fornace". This artificial lake, covering approximately four hectares, was formed from the disused clay quarry that was once used for brick production. Since its closure in 1991, the area has undergone a remarkable process of natural regeneration, creating a haven for various animal species.

A Haven for Wildlife

Lago dei Gelsi has become a protected area, recognized as a Site of Community Importance (SCI) and a Special Protection Area (SPA) since 2012. The lake's diverse ecosystem has attracted a wide range of wildlife, making it a paradise for nature lovers. As you explore the area, you may spot the elusive pike (Esox lucius) and tench (Tinca tinca), two species that are becoming increasingly rare in their natural habitats. These fish were introduced to the lake by fishing enthusiasts in the past, adding to the biodiversity of the area.

A Sanctuary for Reptiles and Birds

The lake is also home to the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis), a species considered one of the most interesting reptiles in Europe. Its presence in Lago dei Gelsi highlights the importance of protecting its habitat, as it is included in Annex II of the Habitat Directive 92/43/EEC. The submerged tree trunks in the lake have become perches for various bird species, including the great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus major), the European green woodpecker (Picus viridis), the hoopoe (Upupa epops), and the common starling (Sturnus vulgaris). These birds have found a safe haven in the cavities of the standing dead trunks, where they regularly nest and raise their young.

Conservation Efforts and Challenges

Over the years, unauthorized introductions of non-native species, such as the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta ssp. elegans), the yellow-bellied slider turtle (Trachemys scripta ssp. scripta), and the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), have posed challenges to the native species. To address this issue, the "R.I.V.I.V.R.O." Environmental Action Plan was implemented between 2008 and 2010. This plan included measures to control non-native species and reintroduce native species, such as the pike, tench, and European pond turtle, in proportion to the trophic level of each species.

A Birdwatcher's Paradise

Lago dei Gelsi is not only a haven for aquatic life but also a seasonal home to numerous migratory bird species. Visitors can witness the graceful flight of waterfowl, including the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and the Eurasian wigeon (Anas penelope). Other regular avian residents include the grey heron (Ardea cinerea), the little egret (Egretta garzetta), the coot (Fulica atra), and the moorhen (Gallinula chloropus).

Visit Lago dei Gelsi

To fully appreciate the natural beauty of Lago dei Gelsi, plan your visit during the spring or summer months when the flora surrounding the lake is in full bloom. Take a leisurely stroll along the lake's perimeter and marvel at the majestic white poplar (Populus alba), black poplar (Populus nigra), white willow (Salix alba), and hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia) trees that dot the landscape.

Please note that fishing is prohibited in the lake, and unauthorized access is not allowed to ensure the preservation of this unique ecosystem. So, pack your binoculars, bring your camera, and immerse yourself in the natural wonders of Lago dei Gelsi in Cotignola.